Integrity Constraints Overview
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📅 3/12/2026
Introduction to Integrity Constraints
Integrity constraints ensure data accuracy and reliability in databases.
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Primary Key Constraints
- Primary keys uniquely identify each record in a table.
- They prevent duplicate or null values in the specified column(s).
- Example: Student ID in a student database table must be unique.
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Foreign Key Constraints
- Foreign keys create relationships between tables in a database.
- They ensure referential integrity between related data.
- Example: Order table must reference valid customer IDs from Customer table.
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Unique & Check Constraints
- Unique constraints prevent duplicate values in non-primary key columns.
- Check constraints validate data meets specific conditions before insertion.
- Example: Email addresses must be unique and contain '@' symbol.
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Importance of Integrity Constraints
- They maintain data accuracy and prevent corruption.
- Constraints help enforce business rules at database level.
- Proper use reduces application errors and improves data quality.
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