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Blockchain Security: Protecting Decentralized Systems

📑 10 slides 👁 15 views 📅 1/21/2026
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Introduction to Blockchain Security

Blockchain security ensures integrity, confidentiality, and availability of decentralized systems.

Introduction to Blockchain Security
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How Blockchain Works

  • Blockchain uses distributed ledger technology (DLT) to record transactions.
  • Consensus mechanisms like Proof of Work (PoW) validate transactions.
  • Immutable blocks ensure tamper-proof records once added to the chain.
How Blockchain Works
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Common Blockchain Threats

  • 51% attacks: When a group controls majority mining power to manipulate transactions.
  • Sybil attacks: Fake identities flood the network to disrupt operations.
  • Smart contract vulnerabilities: Bugs in code can be exploited for financial loss.
Common Blockchain Threats
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Cryptography in Blockchain

  • Public-key cryptography secures transactions with digital signatures.
  • Hash functions (SHA-256) ensure data integrity and block linking.
  • Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm (ECDSA) verifies transaction authenticity.
Cryptography in Blockchain
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Consensus Mechanism Security

  • Proof of Work (PoW) requires computational effort to prevent spam.
  • Proof of Stake (PoS) secures network by staking cryptocurrency.
  • Delegated Proof of Stake (DPoS) uses elected validators for efficiency.
Consensus Mechanism Security
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Smart Contract Security

  • Smart contracts automate transactions but must be bug-free.
  • Common vulnerabilities: Reentrancy, overflow/underflow, and timestamp dependence.
  • Tools like MythX and Slither analyze smart contract code for risks.
Smart Contract Security
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Wallet Security Best Practices

  • Use hardware wallets for offline private key storage.
  • Never share recovery phrases and enable multi-factor authentication.
  • Regularly update wallet software to patch vulnerabilities.
Wallet Security Best Practices
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Enterprise Blockchain Security

  • Permissioned blockchains (e.g., Hyperledger) control participant access.
  • Role-based access control (RBAC) limits user permissions.
  • Regular audits and penetration testing identify system weaknesses.
Enterprise Blockchain Security
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Future of Blockchain Security

  • Quantum-resistant cryptography emerging to counter future threats.
  • Zero-knowledge proofs enhance privacy without compromising security.
  • AI-driven anomaly detection systems for real-time threat monitoring.
Future of Blockchain Security
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Conclusion & Key Takeaways

  • Blockchain security requires layered protection: cryptography, consensus, and audits.
  • Stay updated with evolving threats and security best practices.
  • Decentralized systems are only as strong as their weakest link.
Conclusion & Key Takeaways
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