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Stages of Deglutition

📑 5 slides 👁 37 views 📅 3/16/2026
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Introduction to Deglutition

Deglutition is the process of swallowing food from mouth to stomach.

Introduction to Deglutition
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Phases of Deglutition

  • Oral phase: Voluntary control, tongue pushes bolus to pharynx.
  • Pharyngeal phase: Involuntary, triggers swallowing reflex.
  • Esophageal phase: Peristalsis moves bolus to stomach.
  • Upper and lower esophageal sphincters regulate passage.
Phases of Deglutition
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Neural Control of Swallowing

  • Swallowing center located in brainstem (medulla).
  • Cranial nerves V, VII, IX, X, XII control muscles.
  • Sensory feedback ensures safe bolus passage.
  • Reflex prevents aspiration by closing airways.
Neural Control of Swallowing
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Clinical Correlations

  • Dysphagia: Difficulty swallowing due to neurological or structural issues.
  • Aspiration: Food/liquid enters airways, causing pneumonia.
  • Common in stroke, Parkinson’s, and esophageal disorders.
  • Diagnosis via videofluoroscopy or endoscopy.
Clinical Correlations
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Summary and Conclusion

  • Deglutition involves oral, pharyngeal, and esophageal phases.
  • Neural control ensures coordination and safety.
  • Disorders like dysphagia require prompt diagnosis.
  • Understanding swallowing aids in clinical practice.
Summary and Conclusion
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